Papers Effect of Cultural Globalization Against the Existence of Local

CHAPTER I

INTRODUCTIONA. BACKGROUNDGlobalization is a special phenomenon in human civilization that moves on the global community and is part of the global human processes. The presence of information and communication technologies to accelerate the process of globalization accelerated. Globalization touches all the important aspects of life. Globalization creates new challenges and problems that must be answered, solved in an effort to harness globalization for the benefit of life. Globalization itself is a term that came about twenty years ago, and started so popular as a new ideology about five or ten years. As the term, globalization is so readily accepted or known to the public around the world. The discourse of globalization as a process characterized by the rapid development of science and technology so that it can fundamentally change the world.
Globalization is often discussed by many people, ranging from economic experts, to ad sellers. The word globalization pengetian will contain a loss of one situation in which the various movements of goods and services between countries around the world can move freely and openly in the trade. And with the opening of one state against another, which makes not only the goods and services, but also technology, consumption patterns, education, cultural values ​​and others. The concept of globalization will by Robertson (1992), refers to the narrowing of the world as incentives and increase our awareness of the world, namely the increasing global connections and our understanding of the connection. Here the narrowing of the world can be understood in the context of the institutions of modernity and the intensification of reflexive consciousness of the world can be perceived better in culture. Globalization has many interpretations from various viewpoints. Some people interpret the world of globalization as a process of reduction or as appropriate to make the world a small village. Others say that globalization is the unification efforts of the international community lifestyle, orientation, and culture. Another notion of globalization as stated by Barker (2004) is that globalization is a global connection of economic, social, and political culture that increasingly point to different directions all over the world and came into our consciousness. Global production for local and global product localization Globalization is the process by which events, decisions and activities in parts of the world that one can carry important consequences for individuals and communities in other parts of the world. (AG Mc.Grew, 1992). The process of globalization was initially marked advances in information and communication technology. The field is a driving force of globalization. Of the progress of this field then affects other sectors of life, such as political, economic, social, cultural and others. A simple example with internet technology, satellite dish and TV, people in this hemisphere will be able to access any news from other parts of the world quickly. This will be an interaction between communities of the world at large, which will ultimately influence each other, especially in the areas of culture, such as the culture of mutual aid, visiting sick neighbors and others. Globalization also affects the youth in daily life, such as cultural dress, hairstyles and so onB. PROBLEM IDENTIFICATIONIn the development of globalization lead to various problems in the field of culture, for example: - the loss of indigenous culture of a region or a country - the erosion of cultural values, - reduced sense of nationalism and patriotism - the loss of the nature of kinship and mutual assistance - loss of confidence - westernized lifestyle -westerliesC. THEOLOGICAL PROBLEMGlobalization lead to various problems of the existence of regional cultures, one of which is a decrease in the love of culture which is the identity of a nation, erosion of cultural values, the occurrence of a subsequent acculturation evolved into mass culture.D. PURPOSEThe purpose of making this paper are: 1. Determine the effect of globalization on the existence of two cultures. To raise awareness of youth to uphold the nation's own culture because culture is a national identity

CHAPTER II

Theoretical THEOLOGICAL FRAMEWORK AND HYPOTHESESA. LIMITATION OF TERMSIn this paper making use terms that are understandable by the general public, as for the purpose of the use of such terms is to facilitate the reader in reading this paper.B. PERSPECTIVE APPROACHPoint of view that we use in the manufacture of this mekalah is a sociological perspective and the psychological impact of globalization on society and the general attitude of the youth in addressing the influence of foreign cultures.C. THINKING FRAMEWORKIn making this paper we use a pattern of general to specific paragraphs, on the grounds that the reader feels confused in reading because the reading starts from the lighter stuff first before increasing to things that are more complex.D. THEOLOGICAL HYPOTHESISThat globalization has both positive and negative, it is necessary to follow in dealing with globalization. The actions that can be done is: 1. Increase the portion of the nation's knowledge of the culture at both schools ranging from elementary through college level 2. Selecting the emergence of new cultural globalization, so that the incoming culture is not detrimental and negative impact. 3. Held a variety of performances kubudayaan 4. Limiting events that can bring a love of foreign cultures.


CHAPTER IIIDISCUSSIONA. GLOBALIZATION AND CULTUREEchoes of globalization, which had begun since the end of the 20th century, has made the world community, including the Indonesian nation must be prepared to accept the entry of outside influence on all aspects of national life. One aspect that is affected by culture. Related to culture, culture can be interpreted as values ​​(values) are embraced by the public or the perception held by members of the community on various things. Or culture can also be defined as its form, which includes the idea or ideas, behavior and results of behavior (Koentjaraningrat), where such things happen in our traditional arts. Therefore, the values ​​and perceptions related to aspects of psychiatric or psychological, that is what is contained in the nature of mind. These psychological aspects become important when realized, that a person's behavior is strongly influenced by what is in the mind of the person concerned. As one of the ideas and the discovery of a person is art, which is a subsystem of the culture of Indonesia for the cultural aspect is one of the nation that has a wealth of diverse values, including the arts. Folk art, one part of the culture of Indonesia did not escape the influence of globalization. Globalization in culture can develop rapidly, it is certainly influenced by the speed and ease in gaining access to communications and news, but this would backfire and become a problem itself is the most crucial or important role in globalization, namely the fact that the development of science pengertahuan controlled by developed countries, rather than developing countries like Indonesia. Those who have and are able to mobilize international communication instead of developed countries. As a result, developing countries such as Indonesia was always afraid of being left in the current globalisai in various fields such as politics, economics, social, cultural, including our art. The discourse of globalization as a process characterized by the rapid development of science and technology so that it can fundamentally change the world. International transport and communications have removed the boundaries of each nation's culture. Culture of each nation tends to lead to globalization and a world that involves human civilization as a whole. Kemoni Simon, a sociologist from Kenya said that globalization in its natural form will raise a variety of cultures and cultural values. In this natural process, each nation will try to adapt their culture to the new developments so that they can move on and avoid destruction. But, according to Simon Kimoni, in this process, countries should strengthen their cultural dimension and maintain the structure of values ​​that are not eliminated by a foreign culture. In this framework, the various nations should get useful scientific information and add to their experience. Associated with the arts and culture, a Kenyan writer Ngugi Wa Thiong'o named said that the behavior of the Western world, especially Americans as if he were throwing bombs against the people of the world's cultures. They tried to destroy the traditions and native language so that the nations of the confusion in trying to find its national cultural identity. The author believes that Kenya is in charge of foreign culture in various nations, formerly imposed by imperialism, is now done in a broader form with the name of globalization.B. GLOBALIZATION IN THE TRADITIONAL CULTURE IN INDONESIAThe interplay of the natural phenomena in the interaction between communities. Through interaction with other societies, the Indonesian nation or community groups that inhabit the archipelago (Indonesia formed before) has been influenced and influence the process. The ability to change is an important trait in human culture. Without that culture can not adapt to changing circumstances. Changes that occur when this happened so fast. Only within one generation of many developing countries have been trying to implement culture change, whereas in developed countries such changes take place over several generations. By the very nature of Indonesia, as well as other nations, develops due to outside influences. Progress can be generated by the interaction with outsiders, this is what happens in the process of globalization. Therefore, globalization is not just about economics but also related to problems or issues in which the value of cultural significance and meaning in it terlekat still means .. Indonesian society is a pluralistic society in various ways, such as the diversity of culture, natural environment, and geographic region. This diversity of Indonesian society can be reflected also in a variety of artistic expression. In other words, it can be said also that the various groups of people in Indonesia can develop a very distinctive artistic. Arts that developed into models of knowledge in society.C. CULTURAL CHANGE IN GLOBALIZATION: THE LAST AND THE ARTS excludedCultural changes that occur in traditional societies, namely the change from a closed society into a more open society, from the values ​​that are homogeneous to the pluralism of values ​​and social norms are salh the impact of globalization. Science and technology have fundamentally changed the world. International communication and transportation has removed the boundaries of each nation's culture. Culture of each nation tends to lead to globalization and a world that involves human civilization as a whole. For example, specialized in the field of mass entertainment or entertainment that is mass, meaning that globalization has become more pronounced. Right now we can listen to every day film show on tv that comes down from the developed countries like the United States, Japan, Korea, etc. through the television stations in the country. Not to mention the international television broadcasts can be received via satellite dish that is now increasingly owned by people of Indonesia. Meanwhile, the other arts, popular arts are presented via tape, vcd, and dvd that came from foreign countries, even more widespread presence in our midst. Such facts provide evidence of how countries have succeeded in cutting-edge technology authorities in charge of cultural globalization, especially in third countries. Transcultural event like that will inevitably affect the existence of our art. Whereas our traditional arts are part of the repertoire of national culture that needs to be preserved. At other times with increasingly sophisticated information technology is today, we are shown by the many alternatives that offer entertainment and more diverse information, which may be more attractive when compared to our traditional arts. With the satellite dish can watch the various entertainment shows worldwide nature from different parts of the world. Such a condition would not want to make Indonesia more The exclusion of the traditional arts of Indonesia's public life will be full of meaning in Indonesian society. For example, the forms of artistic expressions of ethnic Indonesia, both the people and the palace, is always closely related to the ritual behavior of the agricultural community. With the advent of social change that comes as a result of industrialization and market economy system, and the globalization of information, the art we began to shift toward commercial-dimensional art. Art-art that are eliminated and the ritual began to lose its function. Nevertheless, not all of our traditional art just goes away. There are a variety of art that still show their existence, even creatively continue to grow without having oppressed the modernization process. The rapid pace of information technology or communication technology has become a powerful means of cultural diffusion, as well as alternative to a more diverse selection of entertainment for the wider community. As a result people are not interested anymore to enjoy a variety of traditional performing arts that were previously familiar with their lives. For example, the traditional art of Bharata puppet, located in Building Bharata Wayang The Jakarta now looked deserted as if no visitors. This is unfortunate given the puppet is one of Indonesia's traditional art forms that are full and rich with moral messages, and is one of the agents cultivation of moral values ​​is good, in my opinion. Another example is that until the Ludruk art of the 1980s continue to thrive in East Java today is experiencing a "suspended animation". Puppet people and ludruk a small example of the traditional arts began terdepaknya globalization. It may be that such phenomena are not only experienced by traditional Javanese arts, but also in a variety of expressions of traditional art in various places in Indonesia. Even so it does not mean all the traditional arts die just like that with the proliferation of globalization. On the other hand, there are some performance art that still exist, but has undergone a change in function. There is also art that is able to adapt and transform themselves with communication technologies that have been fused with the life of the community, such as traditional art "Ketoprak" to the screen that was popularized by groups Srimulat. Above facts show ketoprak real art has its own fans, especially ketoprak presented in the form of broadcast television, not ketoprak stage. In terms of staging or presentation form, ketoprak including traditional arts that have been proven able to adapt to changing times. In addition there ketoprak other arts survive and able to adapt to the latest technology that is shadow puppets. Some well-known as shadow play puppeteer Ki and Ki Anom Manteb Sudarsono Suroto still interested in the community, whether the play tapes, or direct performances. Courage Indosiar television station several years ago that puppet show every night of the week will suffice as proof of the big interest of society to one of our national cultural treasures. Even the National Museum was still maintaining the existence of traditional arts like shadow puppets with puppet show held every few months and gamelan music show every single week or once a month Kertarajasa held in the auditorium, the National Museum.D. EFFECT OF GLOBALIZATION OF CULTURE NATIONCurrent wave of globalization has led to an influence on the development of the culture of Indonesia. Rapid flow of information and telecommunications actually causes a tendency that led to the waning of the values ​​of cultural preservation. The development of 3T (Transport, Telecommunications, and Technology) husband's dance culture reduced the desire to preserve their own country. Indonesian culture that was once a social, mutual cooperation and courtesy changed to western culture, such as promiscuity. In Tapanuli (North Sumatra), for example, twenty years ago, teenagers are still many who are interested to learn dance and tagading tor-tor (Batak musical instruments). Almost every week, and the rituals of life, there are always invited adolescent stage as a vibrant entertainment culture. Currently, when the technology is getting advanced, ironically cultures growing area disappeared in the community, even just be seen on television and Taman Mini Indonesi Indah (TMII). Cultures whereas the area, if properly managed can be a tourism culture in addition to generating revenue for both central and regional government, also may be a promising area of ​​work for the surrounding community. The other thing is the impact of globalization is the use of Indonesian in a good and true (the language is also one of the nation's culture). It is not unusual in Indonesia to refer to a single second with Mr., Mrs., Mr., Mrs., Mr., you compared it with you or are you a sense of value judgments. Now there is a tendency among young people who prefer to use the Indonesian language dialect of Jakarta as the mention of the word I (I) and lu (you). In addition, we often hear of young Indonesian with mixed use mixed english like OK, No problem and Yes', even the four-letter words (curse), although we often hear in western films, often spoken in everyday life days. These words are propagated through the medium of TV in films, commercials and soap operas along with the dissemination of lifestyle and fashion. Clothing styles that were once teenagers Indonesia upholds norms of decency have changed following the development of the era. There is a tendency for young women in major cities wearing skimpy and tight clothes that show off certain body parts. This lack of shared cultural perpakaian of films and magazines abroad is transformed into the patron-patron Indonesia. Rapid flow of information, which is also characterized by the presence of the internet, participating 'contribute' to change the way they dress. Mini and tight clothing has become a trend in the environment of young people. One of the success of the spread of Western culture is the widespread assumption that science and technology developed in the West is a universal one. Influx of Western culture (in packaging science and technology) received a `good`. On this side of globalization has penetrated the various systems of social and cultural values ​​of East (including Indonesia) so it also opens up the conflict between technology and values ​​eastern.E. Encourage ACTION OF CULTURE AND GLOBALIZATION GLOBALIZATION OF CULTURE IS TO ANTICIPATEThe role of government policy that is more directed to the economic considerations rather than cultural or a culture can be said to be detrimental to the development of culture. Jennifer Lindsay (1995) in his book entitled 'Cultural Policy And The Performing Arts In South-East Asia', reveals the cultural policy in Southeast Asia at this time to effectively change and ruin the traditional performing arts, either through intervention, treatment of excessive , policies without direction, and no attention given to the government's cultural policy or cultural context. In a more narrow observation we can see the behavior of government officials in dealing with the development of folk art, in which the number of interference in determining the object and try to change to fit the demands of development. Under these conditions the meaning of folk art itself becomes bland and there was no sense of art again. Seeing this trend, government officials have made the artist is seen as objects of development and are required to conform to the demands of the symbols of development. This of course ignores the problem of maintenance and development of art in a pure, in the sense of actually supported by the profound value of art and not just simply be used as a model in development. Thus, the longer the folk arts may not have sufficient space for the development of a natural or unnatural, therefore, indirectly, folk art eventually became heavily dependent on development models that tend to be more modern and rational. As an example of this problem we can see, for example, the Betawi art that is original, cokek dance, dance lenong, and so it is set and adjusted by the government to meet the demands and objectives of the government's political policies. Government officials here helped set up a normative, so that the Betawi arts are no longer visible authenticity and tend to be boring. To anticipate things that are not desired for pure authenticity and the development of folk arts, the government needs to restore the functions of government as patron and protector of art, traditional art without having to interfere in the aesthetic process. Admittedly, the folk arts today requires funding and government support that it is difficult to avoid the involvement of government and for the people of these artists is something that is hard also to make their own decisions in accordance with authenticity (oroginalitas) desired by the people's artist. Therefore the government must 'diving' by actually role as protector to protect the authenticity and aesthetic development in a folk art without having to change and adapt to the political policies. The globalization of information and culture that occurred before the new millennium as it is today is something that can not be circumvented. We must adapt to it because a lot of benefits to be gained. It must be recognized that communications technology as a product of the modernization of huge benefit to the dialogue and the democratization of mass culture and evenly. Globalization has a major impact on the culture. Cultural contacts through mass media awareness and provide information about the existence of other cultural values ​​that differ from those owned and known so far. These cultural contacts provide important input for the changes and developments of values ​​and perceptions among communities involved in this process. Art of Indonesia which has the force of various local ethnic groups also can not escape the influence of this cultural contact. So to make adjustments to the changes necessary improvements that are global, but still characterized by local forces or ethnicity. The rapid globalization of culture should be anticipated by strengthening national cultural identity. A variety of traditional art that actually became a national cultural asset wealth should not only be a tool or a slogan of the policy holders, particularly the government, within the framework of the purposes of tourism, politics and so on. During this promotion and development of traditional arts that do government agencies is still limited to the element of mere formality, without touching the essence of the arts are concerned. As a result, instead of developing the traditional arts and sustainable, but it is increasingly shunned society. Thus, the challenges faced by the folk art is quite heavy. Because in the era of communication technology and a highly sophisticated and modern society is faced with many alternatives as an option, both in determining the quality and taste. It is quite possible existence and the existence of folk art can be viewed by the public eye, when compared to modern art which is the impact of pop culture. To deal with the things mentioned above there are several alternatives to deal with, namely to improve the Human Resource (HR) for folk artists. In addition, restoring local government officials as the protector and patron, and not the other way and just destroy it for the sake of power-oriented development project funds or funds for economic development aloneCHAPTER IVCLOSINGA. CONCLUSIONImpact of globalization on the one hand it raises the negative impact of the national culture of Indonesia. Norms contained in the Indonesian culture slowly began to fade. The unceasing rush of technology with interinsik values ​​imposed on them, has raised the issue of globalization and ultimately lead to a new value of the unity of the world. Radhakrishnan in his Eastern Religion and Western Though (1924) states "for the first time in human history, awareness of the unity of the world has stamped us, whether he likes it or not, East and West have come together and never separate again. What it means is that between the west and east there are no more differences. Or in other words our culture merged with a foreign culture. If the east and west come together, there masihkah hallmark of our culture? Or we are soluble in the culture of another nation without leaving the slightest our value system? Therefore it is necessary dipertahanan socio-cultural aspects of Indonesia as a nation's identity. The trick is to filter into the culture of Indonesia and the preservation of national culture. For people who are trying to develop the traditional arts to be part of modern life, it will continue to modify the forms of art are still berpolakan the past to be a commodity that can be consumed by modern society. Because the actual art is beautiful and expensive. Art is the wealth of Indonesia which is priceless and is not owned by foreign nations. Therefore, as the younger generation, which is the heir to the nation's culture, art and culture should preserve for the future of our children and grandchildren.B. ADVICE - ADVICEFrom the above discussion, it can do some action to prevent a shift in culture, namely: 1. Governments need to review the perturan-regulation that could cause a shift in national culture 2. Society needs to take an active role in the preservation of local culture of each nation in particular and culture in general 3. The mass media businesses need to hold a selection of various news, entertainment and information provided so as not to cause a shift in culture 4. Communities need to select the emergence of new cultural globalization, so that the incoming culture is not detrimental and negative impact. 5. Means the community must be cautious in imitating or receive a new culture, so the impact of globalization in our country had little influence on the culture which is our national identity.




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